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1038 lines
42 KiB
Org Mode
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#+startup: beamer
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#+TITLE: Adopting Free Software Ideals
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#+AUTHOR: Mike Gerwitz
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#+EMAIL: mtg@gnu.org
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#+DATE: LibrePlanet 2021
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#+OPTIONS: H:3 num:nil toc:nil p:nil todo:nil stat:nil
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#+LaTeX_CLASS: beamer
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#+LaTeX_CLASS_OPTIONS: [presentation,bigger]
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#+BEAMER_THEME: Luebeck
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#+BEAMER_COLOR_THEME: seagull
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#+BEAMER_HEADER: \input{slides-preamble.tex}
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#+TODO: DEVOID(v) LACKING(l) RAW(r) DRAFT(d) AUGMENT(A) REVIEWED(R) | READY(,) REHEARSED(.)
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#+COLUMNS: %40ITEM %10DURATION{:} %8TODO %BEAMER_ENV(ENVIRONMENT)
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* About :noexport:
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This file represents the source code for the slides for my LibrePlanet 2021
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talk, as well as the notes containing the text I originally intended to
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say. There are a few things to note:
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- The notes are not /necessarily/ an intended transcript. As it tends to
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be, when I'm in the moment, I may decide to do things slightly differently
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and adapt to the audience. I may also forget something and end up having
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to restructure what I was going to say.
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- This notes have not been updated to include what I did actually say. I
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hope to provide a transcript in the future.
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- The checklists contain my original intent for this talk; I didn't purge
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what I didn't get to.
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- See [[*Exporting]] for information on how to build the slides.
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* Project Notes :noexport:
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These notes serve as a reification of thoughts; means of organization and
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balance between the three groups; and a checklist to guide the development
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of the talk.
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** Topics
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*** All [6/8]
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- [X] What ideals am I speaking of?
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- [X] Be honest with yourself when you don't meet your ideals. Do not dilute
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them, so that you can continue to work toward them. Do not be complacent
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in your compromises.
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- [X] Set your goals high and know that you will /fail to meet them/ for
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some time. Keep at it.
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- [X] By not admitting our faults, we set unattainable standards that drive
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others away from our community.
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- [X] The below three groups of roles are often blurred. Distinguish them
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throughout the talk.
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- [ ] Confirmation bias.
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- [X] Impracticality is a self-fulfilling prophecy.
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- [ ] Move forward.
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*** Activist/Advocate [9/14]
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- [X] My computing is unrelatable and impractical to others.
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- [X] My ability to be free is in part a matter of privilege (knowledge and
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money). What good are freedoms that others cannot enjoy?
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- Ex: my not running JS and still being able to use the web.
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- [X] We need advocates deep in communities that many of us do not
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participate in, and we need to engage with those advocates, not reject
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them as "open source" enthusiasts.
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- [X] Are you advocating or just bragging? One of those is not necessarily
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effective and could alienate or turn off others to our ideals. It doesn't
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help hearing all the ways that you're right and I'm wrong.
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- [ ] Waiting for everyone to realize you're right, as if the world will
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change around you.
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- [X] Do not victim-blame (no shaming users of non-free software).
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- [X] Many users do not care about or understand the need for software
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freedom. We need to be able to relate it in practical terms.
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- [ ] Indoctrination in cynicism and purity.
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- [ ] The concept of user freedom naturally extends to other fields,
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including SaaS, DRM, privacy, security, and human rights. But we have to
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be careful as a community not to adopt too many principles and alienate
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those who may otherwise agree with us.
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- [ ] Situational awareness: sometimes you should be an advocate instead of
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an activist.
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- [X] Offering someone new to free software old hardware that isn't even
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fully functional (e.g. S3 with Replicant) is out of touch with reality.
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- [X] Kids' games and their understanding of freedom.
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- [ ] Speak out against objectionable and incorrect metaphors
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- [X] People and organizations are approached by many different types of
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advocates with many different types of agendas, some of them in conflict
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with one-another. People only have so much bandwidth, and cannot please
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everyone.
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*** Developer/Distributor [2/2]
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- [X] Free software should promote /practical/ freedoms---they should be
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/designed/ for study and modification without having to deeply understand
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the system at every level. Lower the barrier to entry.
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- [X] Choice of GPL as a form of advocacy.
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*** User [7/11]
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- [X] Cognitive dissonance.
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- [ ] Users can be advocates whether they realize it or not by setting an
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example for others and helping to develop social and cultural norms.
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- [ ] Using non-free software /can/ be a form of anti-advocacy or a
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repudiation of ideals if you encourage others to do so as well.
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- [X] There is not always a free replacement available, or the replacement
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may not be practical for certain users.
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- [X] Certain software has a cultural aspect---using a free replacement may
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not fill that gap. Games using well-known characters or storylines are an
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example. Social media is another. That barrier is high, since change
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involves not just oneself, but others in the community to adopt similar
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changes and ideals.
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- [X] Freedom is not all-or-nothing. Work toward it incrementally.
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- [X] If freedom is put above all else, sometimes it requires
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sacrifice. But that should not be /expected/---that's a personal decision.
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- [X] Don't feel bad or make excuses when ideals aren't met---be /proud/ of
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how far you've gotten, and keep at it.
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- [X] The FSF, GNU, and others provide a clear objective and guidance, but
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what of the /transition/, which involves a mix of free and non-free?
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- [ ] Using non-free software on behalf of an employer
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- [ ] Is there a difference in freedom lost between SaaS and ephemeral
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software (e.g. a webpage you'll only visit once)? How about related
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issues like privacy and security?
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* REHEARSED Slides [6/6]
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:PROPERTIES:
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:ID: slides
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:END:
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** REHEARSED Summary :noexport:
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#+BEGIN: columnview :hlines 2 :maxlevel 3 :indent t :id slides
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| ITEM | DURATION | TODO | ENVIRONMENT |
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|----------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-------------|
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| Slides | 0:36:19 | REHEARSED | |
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|----------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-------------|
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| \_ Summary | | REHEARSED | |
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|----------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-------------|
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| \_ Introduction | 0:02:10 | REHEARSED | |
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| \_ Spoken Intro | 00:01:30 | REHEARSED | note |
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| \_ Ideals | 00:00:40 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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|----------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-------------|
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| \_ Perspective | 0:10:00 | REHEARSED | |
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| \_ Black Boxes | 00:01:15 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ The First Hurdle | 00:03:00 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Unrelatable | 00:03:00 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Change | 00:01:30 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Journeys Have A Beginning | 00:01:15 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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|----------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-------------|
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| \_ My Story | 0:12:40 | REHEARSED | |
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| \_ My Journey | 00:00:40 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Discovery | 00:03:45 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Practicality | 00:01:45 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Copyleft and Advocacy | 00:01:50 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Barrier to Entry | 00:01:00 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Wifi | 00:02:20 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Impact of Gaming | 00:01:20 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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|----------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-------------|
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| \_ Social Complexities | 0:09:30 | REHEARSED | |
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| \_ Brand Recognition and Trademarks | 00:01:00 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Culture | 00:02:00 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Balancing Ideals | 00:03:00 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Moral Judgment | 00:02:00 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Hold Ideals Strong | 00:01:30 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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|----------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-------------|
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| \_ Conclusion | 0:02:00 | REHEARSED | |
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| \_ Quell Anger | 00:00:30 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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| \_ Unless | 00:01:30 | REHEARSED | fullframe |
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|----------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-------------|
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| \_ Questions? | | | frame |
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|----------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-------------|
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| \_ Thank You | | | fullframe |
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#+END:
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** REHEARSED Introduction [2/2]
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*** REHEARSED Spoken Intro :B_note:
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:PROPERTIES:
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:BEAMER_env: note
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:DURATION: 00:01:30
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:END:
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- Introduction
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- Software engineer, hacker at heart.
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- Assistant GNUisance; GAC.
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- But not speaking on behalf of the GNU Project.
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- But I'm coming to you today primarily as an activist for user freedom.
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- While I am an activist, and I'll be giving advice to others like me, I'm
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also a user and author of free software.
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- I'd say a user foremost, since that's what I do each and every day---use
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free software.
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- But it took me a long time to get where I am today.
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- And it wasn't easy.
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- Us activists try to put on a straight face and paint a positive picture
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of everything. Neglect inconvenient truths.
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- But my not admiting to our faults, we risk setting unattainable
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standards that may drive others away from our movement.
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- And that's really what this talk is about---those hard problems of
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software freedom. The process of adopting those ideals and
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incorporating them into your own life. Ascribing them meaning and
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identity within the context of all of the other things that are
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important to you. And maybe then advocating for those ideals.
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*** REHEARSED Ideals :B_fullframe:
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:PROPERTIES:
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:BEAMER_env: fullframe
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:DURATION: 00:00:40
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:END:
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#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
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Run, Study, Modify, Share
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**** READY Notes :B_noteNH:
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:PROPERTIES:
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:BEAMER_env: noteNH
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:END:
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- But first: what ideals am I talking about?
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- Within the context of free software, I'm referring to the four freedoms.
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- The freedom to run, study, modify, and share software with others.
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- We repeat these freedoms again and again, but what do they /really/
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mean?
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- We reject being controlled by those who write software. We believe that
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everyone should be free to do their own computing in a manner that
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/they/ see fit. How they please. Not how someone else pleases.
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** REHEARSED Perspective [5/5]
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*** REHEARSED Black Boxes :B_fullframe:
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:PROPERTIES:
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:BEAMER_env: fullframe
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:DURATION: 00:01:15
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:END:
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#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
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Magical Black Boxes
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#+BEAMER: \fullsubtext
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(Computer Literacy)
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**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
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:PROPERTIES:
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:BEAMER_env: noteNH
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:END:
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- This isn't an easy concept to grasp for many people.
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- Users look at devices like magic black boxes.
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- They don't understand how the apps they use and the underlying operating
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system works.
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- Lack of computer literacy in our cultures.
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- An app a program, and a program is a sequence of instructions for a
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computer that someone else wrote. Someone else is instructing your
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computer what to do.
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- And since computers and devices are effectively extensions of people,
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they determine what we can and cannot do. How we can and cannot
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act. What we can and cannot see.
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*** REHEARSED The First Hurdle :B_fullframe:
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:PROPERTIES:
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:BEAMER_env: fullframe
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:DURATION: 00:03:00
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:END:
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#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
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``I love the concept of free software''
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**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
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:PROPERTIES:
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:BEAMER_env: noteNH
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:END:
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- I want to tell you something my wife told me just a few weeks ago.
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- Nurse, shoutout to helthcare professionals holding our society together
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during the pandemic.
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- "Love the concept of free software"
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- That's a really powerful message.
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- Of all my coworkers and interviews, I haven't heard such a direct
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statement from anyone in my professional circle.
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- /Some/ people know about free software, but usually in terms of "open
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source".
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- Yet this nontechnical person is aware of these concepts.
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- I assume he's non-technical because he continued to lament how a system
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comes installed with Chrome and he isn't sure how to uninstall it.
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- This is one of the hardest parts of my activism! To try to get people to
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internalize our ideals and understand why the are important.
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- And yet, he's already done that. He's cleared the first major hurdle.
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*** REHEARSED Unrelatable :B_fullframe:
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:PROPERTIES:
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:BEAMER_env: fullframe
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:DURATION: 00:03:00
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:END:
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#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
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Unrelatable
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**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
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:PROPERTIES:
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:BEAMER_env: noteNH
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:END:
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- It's interesting to me how my activism was more effective through her
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unintentional advocacy.
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- Why is that?
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- Certainly part of it is because she was there and I wasn't.
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- The more people that can advocate on our behalf, the fewer places we
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have to be.
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- But there's a more fundamental reason.
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- Compare: community members and vaccine hesitancy.
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- Being able to relate culturally
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- My computing with an X200 using Libreboot and Guix System.
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- My use of Replicant and its issues
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- Not running JavaScript on webpages.
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- But I'm still able to use parts of the web despite that by privilege
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of my technical knowledge, something that your average user cannot
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do.
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- The way I do my computing is unrelatable.
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- And I lament that I cannot recommend my own practices to others.
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*** REHEARSED Change :B_fullframe:
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:PROPERTIES:
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:BEAMER_env: fullframe
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:DURATION: 00:01:30
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:END:
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#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
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Many People Don't Like Change
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#+BEAMER: \fullsubtext
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(That Includes Me)
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**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
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:PROPERTIES:
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:BEAMER_env: noteNH
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:END:
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- Wife doesn't even use free software herself
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- Aware of the concepts.
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- Doesn't like that people have control over her computing, but doesn't
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like change.
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- It's not enough to change how she does her computing. Yet.
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- Compare: both of us want to be vegan, and we don't need convincing, but
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haven't done it after years.
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- That's how my wife thinks about software freedom.
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*** REHEARSED Journeys Have A Beginning :B_fullframe:
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:PROPERTIES:
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:BEAMER_env: fullframe
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:DURATION: 00:01:15
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:END:
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#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
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Every Journey Has A Beginning
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#+BEAMER: \fullsubtext
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(And Not Every Journey Has An End)
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**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
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:PROPERTIES:
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:BEAMER_env: noteNH
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:END:
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- When you've been familiar with software freedom for a long time, it's easy
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to forget where you came from.
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- It's like that with most things.
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- In my profession, I suffer from being unable to think like a
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beginner. Missing the obvious. I've become myopic.
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- But to get from A to Z is a /process/. It's a journey, that takes time
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and effort and, in the case of software freedom, completely changing how
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one does their computing.
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- Changing how one perceives the world.
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- How one lives their life.
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- It doesn't just happen.
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- Further, we're always evolving.
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- The goalposts of software freedom are always moving, as more and more
|
|||
|
things become possible.
|
|||
|
- It didn't used to be possible to run a free BIOS, for example. Now it
|
|||
|
is. The goal has shifted.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
** REHEARSED My Story [7/7]
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED My Journey :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:00:40
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
|
|||
|
The year was 1999...
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- I didn't start out with free software.
|
|||
|
- I grew up with Windows as a kid.
|
|||
|
- I even started learning programming, about 20 years ago now, when I was
|
|||
|
10, using a proprietary language---Microsoft's Visual Basic 6.
|
|||
|
- As a kid, I did what kids to best, which is mimic. I sought to follow
|
|||
|
the example of the world that was around me.
|
|||
|
- I learned to exercise control over the user. Introduce quotas. License
|
|||
|
keys. Direct the user in ways that I wanted the user to act.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED Discovery :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:03:45
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
|
|||
|
A Noise and A Bubble
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- But I don't have time to go into my whole life's story.
|
|||
|
- So how did I first discover the concept of software freedom?
|
|||
|
- But at some point, the laptop I was using, which was running Windows,
|
|||
|
experienced hard drive issues.
|
|||
|
- For those who don't know, hard drives contain spinning metal platters.
|
|||
|
- It started making a grinding noise.
|
|||
|
- I needed a way to use my system while I waited for a new hard drive, so
|
|||
|
and I found that GNU/Linux distros have bootable live CDs, which ran in
|
|||
|
memory, and so I could use without a hard drive.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- I was fascinated by the level of customization that could be performed,
|
|||
|
and I started digging into the OS a bit more.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- One of the games I really liked on the system was Frozen Bubble. It was a
|
|||
|
lot alike another non-free game I had played on Windows.
|
|||
|
- And part of what happened next may have been a little bit of luck.
|
|||
|
- Because a lot of games are compiled into machine code, just like on
|
|||
|
Windows, but in a different format---ELF instead of EXE.
|
|||
|
- But Frozen Bubble was different. When I opened the executable file, I
|
|||
|
saw source code!
|
|||
|
- Not minified or obfuscated source code. Actual, formatted source code
|
|||
|
with sensible function and variable names, and comments. Source code
|
|||
|
that looked like the preferred form of modifying the program.
|
|||
|
- I was in excited disbelief. This was so different than what I was used
|
|||
|
to on Windows. The operating system not only game with games, but came
|
|||
|
with the source code!?
|
|||
|
- Frozen Bubble is written in Perl, which is an interpreted language. I
|
|||
|
didn't know Perl, but I decided to try to make some small
|
|||
|
changes. Surely I was wrong. Surely I was missing /something/.
|
|||
|
- But no. I relaunched the game and there my change was! I could modify
|
|||
|
the game as I pleased! I was amazed. I felt empowered. I felt this
|
|||
|
overwhelming sense of excitement.
|
|||
|
- I wanted to know more. Why did the developer decide to do this?
|
|||
|
- At the top of a file was the copyright header. Now, I didn't know
|
|||
|
anything of software licensing at the time beyond the licenses designed
|
|||
|
to /restrict/ users. To tell them what they /cannot do/.
|
|||
|
- But this license appeared to be different.
|
|||
|
- The license, its stated, was the GNU General Public License version 2,
|
|||
|
published by the Free Software Foundation.
|
|||
|
- It said that I'm free to redistribute it and/or modify it.
|
|||
|
- So it wasn't just that I could /technically/ modify it---the author
|
|||
|
was /encouraging/ me to do so!
|
|||
|
- And while my memory is a bit blurry on the details, that marked the
|
|||
|
beginning of my journey.
|
|||
|
- I began to look into the GNU Project and the FSF and the philosophy
|
|||
|
behind free software.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED Practicality :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:01:45
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
|
|||
|
Practical Practicality
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
- So I had unlearning to do myself, as both a user and as a software
|
|||
|
developer.
|
|||
|
- I didn't have anyone to help to guide me.
|
|||
|
- I did have the FSF and GNU to serve as a beacon of light. As an
|
|||
|
anchor. A lighthouse, as Snowden put it.
|
|||
|
- It gave me something to work toward. To constantly improve upon.
|
|||
|
- But it didn't give me advice that was /practical/ at the time.
|
|||
|
- And that's setting off alarm bells for certain people, so let me
|
|||
|
explain.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- People often say that free software isn't practical.
|
|||
|
- Not just opponents, but also users who /want/ to use free software.
|
|||
|
- We counter, saying we've done it. Clearly I have. Clearly this
|
|||
|
conference has. We're doing it now, as we speak.
|
|||
|
- But are we trying to help, begin defensive, or just bragging?
|
|||
|
- We have to be careful no to dismiss users' legitimate concerns.
|
|||
|
- I just mentioned how my computing today is not relatable, right?
|
|||
|
- What I consider to be practical for myself is absolutely not practical
|
|||
|
to someone without the requisite understanding.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Someone saying that they're already there---that they have
|
|||
|
freedom---isn't necessarly helpful
|
|||
|
- I know the goal. Help me get to where you are.
|
|||
|
- Don't just dismiss me.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- We have to be practical about what we consider to be practical for other
|
|||
|
users, especially those less experienced than us.
|
|||
|
- Keep that in mind. We'll continue to explore that concept as we go.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED Copyleft and Advocacy :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:01:50
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEGIN_CENTER
|
|||
|
#+ATTR_LATEX: :height 1.5in
|
|||
|
[[./images/tp/copyleft.png]]
|
|||
|
#+END_CENTER
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Now, I want to pause there for a moment.
|
|||
|
- We touched on the ideals of software freedom previously.
|
|||
|
- But how is that actually enforced?
|
|||
|
- Software is covered by Copyright law. Copyright grants a rather long
|
|||
|
monopoloy over the ability to, well, make copies of the work. By
|
|||
|
default, software is proprietary. Non-free.
|
|||
|
- To grant users back the freedoms they ought to have, Richard Stallman
|
|||
|
turned copyright on its head with the concept of Copyleft. This
|
|||
|
philosophy is embodied in the GPL. The GNU General Public License.
|
|||
|
- Now, some developers write free software for technical reasons. This is
|
|||
|
the focus of open source.
|
|||
|
- But some write it for philosophical reasons. And some write it as a form
|
|||
|
of advocacy or activism.
|
|||
|
- What happened here?
|
|||
|
- What lead me to discover software freedom?
|
|||
|
- This program and its license. This game.
|
|||
|
- I can't say whether the author set out to do that. But that's what
|
|||
|
happened. Those of you writing software may never realize the true
|
|||
|
impact that you actually have.
|
|||
|
- And that's why the choice of license is so important.
|
|||
|
- Choosing the GPL isn't just about ensuring that your software remains
|
|||
|
free.
|
|||
|
- It's also about making a statement. Advocating for the principles and
|
|||
|
ideals of software freedom.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED Barrier to Entry :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:01:00
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
|
|||
|
Barrier To Entry
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- I also want to emphasize another aspect of Frozen Bubble.
|
|||
|
- The low barrier to entry for modification.
|
|||
|
- It helped demonstrate to me not just the freedom that I had, but the
|
|||
|
viability of that freedom.
|
|||
|
- When we think about software freedom, we shouldn't think about it just
|
|||
|
in terms of licensing. We should also consider /practical/
|
|||
|
freedoms. How to make the freedom to study and modify the software more
|
|||
|
available for more users.
|
|||
|
- That doesn't mean you have to write your software in a scripting
|
|||
|
language, though certainly that might help.
|
|||
|
- But it does mean being mindful to how high the barrier of entry is to
|
|||
|
your program. Be mindful to the abstractions you create.
|
|||
|
- Document the design and philosophy of the program and how it works.
|
|||
|
- Empower as many users as you can.
|
|||
|
- A skill that takes time to acquire.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED Wifi :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:02:20
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
|
|||
|
Device Drivers
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullsubtext
|
|||
|
E.g. Wifi
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Alright, back to my story.
|
|||
|
- One of the most notorious problems when users switch to GNU/Linux is the
|
|||
|
issue of wireless drivers.
|
|||
|
- Back in the day I had to use a tool called =ndiswrapper= which was able to
|
|||
|
load Windows XP drivers on GNU/Linux. =ndiswrapper= is free software, but
|
|||
|
the Windows drivers were non-free.
|
|||
|
- Nowadays, more devices Just Work with a Linux-based system, but there's a
|
|||
|
catch---it usually works because of what we call "binary blobs"
|
|||
|
distributed with the kernel Linux. These are opaque and non-free.
|
|||
|
- The linux-libre project strips those blobs to provide a fully free
|
|||
|
kernel, but then many users notice their devices don't work properly.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Generally, the recommendation for Wifi on Linux-based systems is to use a
|
|||
|
card or dongle based on Atheros (hold it up). But that does not help you
|
|||
|
if you don't have the money to spare.
|
|||
|
- And so we have a bit of a problem.
|
|||
|
- On one hand, the wireless situation for a fully free GNU/Linux system is
|
|||
|
wonderful compared to my experience 15 years ago.
|
|||
|
- But that's only if you have money to spare.
|
|||
|
- What of people that do not?
|
|||
|
- What about people who wish to repurpose old hardware? Some people
|
|||
|
consider e-waste to be a major ethical issue.
|
|||
|
- In those cases, they may have systems that are fully free except for
|
|||
|
one exception: the wireless drivers.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Let's think about someone exploring free software.
|
|||
|
- They want to dip their toes into GNU/Linux. Surely they want to use the
|
|||
|
hardware they already have, not purchase something else just to give it a
|
|||
|
try.
|
|||
|
- But if they use a distribution that we recommend---me as an activist, or
|
|||
|
the FSF on their list of endorsed distributions---then their hardware
|
|||
|
may not work.
|
|||
|
- What do we tell this person?
|
|||
|
- Let's let that sit for a moment and move on. We'll be coming back to
|
|||
|
it.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED Impact of Gaming :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:01:20
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
|
|||
|
Change Coupled With Addiction
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Let's talk about my desktop, where I did most of my computing.
|
|||
|
- Around the time that I built it, I was dual-booting Windows and
|
|||
|
GNU/Linux.
|
|||
|
- For those who don't know, dual booting means that, when I started by
|
|||
|
system, I had the choice of whether to boot into Windows or GNU/Linux.
|
|||
|
- Why? Why would I do that?
|
|||
|
- The simple answer is: old habits die hard.
|
|||
|
- It /takes time/ to upend the computing you've done for so long. To
|
|||
|
learn new ways of doing things.
|
|||
|
- This process was /incremental/.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- But the biggest thing keeping me booting into Windows was a game.
|
|||
|
- It was a very popular MMO that I'm not going to name. I was quite
|
|||
|
addicted to it at the time.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Games are influential.
|
|||
|
- I'm not even a gamer, and yet I've mentioned games twice so far.
|
|||
|
- How about a third: I first started programming at the age of 10 because
|
|||
|
of a game that provided a level editor; I wanted to do more than what
|
|||
|
it allowed.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- I want to stay on this topic for a bit, because it's an important one.
|
|||
|
- There are a number of aspects to games beyond addiction that make them a
|
|||
|
bit different than other software.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
** REHEARSED Social Complexities
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED Brand Recognition and Trademarks :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:01:00
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
|
|||
|
Brand™
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Games are more than just software.
|
|||
|
- They're also art. And with that, we have some additional complexities.
|
|||
|
- It may challenging to find a free replacement for a game because of issues
|
|||
|
surrounding trademarks.
|
|||
|
- For example, my kids want to play certain games because they have
|
|||
|
certain characters that they recognize.
|
|||
|
- It's not that it's impossible to make free software to replicate some of
|
|||
|
these games---it is---but they'd be of no practical use to my children
|
|||
|
if they didn't contain the characters they want.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- And then to further complicate things, many AAA games have budgets in the
|
|||
|
tens or even hundreds of millions of dollars and seem to me to be more
|
|||
|
like interactive movies.
|
|||
|
- That's something the free software community is not currently
|
|||
|
well-positioned to counter.
|
|||
|
- It's not that we /can't/, but to counter such a massive undertaking, we
|
|||
|
need more people who believe in our ideals to work toward it.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED Culture :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:02:00
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
|
|||
|
Social Pressure
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- There's something else too.
|
|||
|
- Games are something that people can gather around and enjoy together.
|
|||
|
- It can be ingrained in culture.
|
|||
|
- Getting rid of a game, or replacing it with something free, may be more
|
|||
|
challenging if all of your friends also play it.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- We have this problem with social networks too---what good is a social
|
|||
|
network that none of your peers use?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- I avoid a lot of these problems by breaking social norms, or simply not
|
|||
|
associating with certain people.
|
|||
|
- I'm okay with doing this.
|
|||
|
- But many people aren't. Or can't.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- I used a vegan metaphor previously.
|
|||
|
- But it was a bit shallow.
|
|||
|
- Consider a party: you can be a vegan at a party and abstain from certain
|
|||
|
meals. Or bring your own. Kind of like I do with free software.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- But with certain games like MMOs, or popular social networks, the
|
|||
|
software isn't just a /component/ of a social even, it /is/ the
|
|||
|
event---the means of communication.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- There is no abstaining or substituting while also communicating.
|
|||
|
- Severing non-free software in such cases may mean severing social ties,
|
|||
|
unless there's free software that is compatible.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- And while I've done that, and I'm okay with it, that's /me/.
|
|||
|
- We can't demand or /expect/ that of others.
|
|||
|
- We need to work with people to adopt replacements, to help them move
|
|||
|
their community to another platform that respects their freedom, and
|
|||
|
/then/ they can all enjoy freedom together.
|
|||
|
- Freedom shouldn't have to mean isolation from one's peers just because
|
|||
|
they don't share the same ideals.
|
|||
|
- Not to mention that just creates echo chambers, and also removes our
|
|||
|
voice from that community.
|
|||
|
- It perpetuates or even worsens the divide.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED Balancing Ideals :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:03:00
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
|
|||
|
Compounding Ideals
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullsubtext
|
|||
|
Small Contributions Grow
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- However, there /are/ situations that I can't just escape from. Where I
|
|||
|
have to confront the unfortunate reality that I live in head-on.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Let's take schools for example.
|
|||
|
- Say you live in a district where students use non-free software or
|
|||
|
services. Which is highly likely.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Now, there's something you have to understand.
|
|||
|
- That school has already invested money into hardware, services, training
|
|||
|
of staff and students, has put data into the chosen platform, and so on.
|
|||
|
- Given all of that, one person voicing dissent isn't going to change all
|
|||
|
of that. It's too expensive.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- In my case, I arrived too late to my district to voice any input on the
|
|||
|
process.
|
|||
|
- I did meet with assistant superintendents of the district to voice some
|
|||
|
concerns, but again, I'm just one person.
|
|||
|
- Why are my ideals more important than the opinions of others?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- But what if it were different?
|
|||
|
- What if there were dozens of parents? Or more?
|
|||
|
- They could have possibly prevented this before it started.
|
|||
|
- They don't have to subscribe fully to our ideals. They just need to
|
|||
|
know enough to /advocate/ for them. To care.
|
|||
|
- They may not care enough about freedom for themselves, but maybe
|
|||
|
they'll care for their children.
|
|||
|
- Kind of how we may eat whatever we please as adults, but want our
|
|||
|
children to eat healthy because it's good for them as they grow.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- But how do we get those parents?
|
|||
|
- Through advocacy.
|
|||
|
- But what advice do we have to offer those parents?
|
|||
|
- Don't let your child use non-free software?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- I put the social and emotional well-being of my children above my ideals
|
|||
|
of software freedom.
|
|||
|
- And I suspect that most, if not all, parents do the same.
|
|||
|
- But but forcing your child to participate in your activism when they're
|
|||
|
too young to understand is not doing that.
|
|||
|
- If they're old enough to understand and want to do so on their own,
|
|||
|
great.
|
|||
|
- But if they're young, like my children, then having them do things
|
|||
|
differently in class than the other kids will increase social
|
|||
|
anxiety. Decrease learning. Possibly open them to ridicule.
|
|||
|
- It's one thing to ask myself to be strong in that situation. It's
|
|||
|
another thing to ask my child to be.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- And so we find ourselves in this situation that, unless we can connect
|
|||
|
with parents and offer them better guidance, they're going to just see us
|
|||
|
as extremeists, and not engage.
|
|||
|
- This situation will simply perpetuate.
|
|||
|
- And this is one of the ways non-free software is introduced to the next
|
|||
|
generation---these companies gain strongholds in schools and push their
|
|||
|
software so that students will get used to them and use them outside of
|
|||
|
school. People don't like change.
|
|||
|
- But imagine if we taught /freedom/ in school. Sharing. Imagine what
|
|||
|
impact that might have on our activism and advocacy. It would be done
|
|||
|
/for/ us, by those who know how to teach best.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED Moral Judgment :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:02:00
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
|
|||
|
Moral Judgment
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Let's consider this question carefully, because it's loaded, and it's a
|
|||
|
question a lot of people ask themselves.
|
|||
|
- Am I a bad person for using non-free software?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Well, why is non-free software bad?
|
|||
|
- Is it the program itself?
|
|||
|
- When you liberate a program---make it free---the code doesn't have to
|
|||
|
change. So clearly the program itself isn't the problem.
|
|||
|
- What did change are the terms---the license. Copyright, and in some
|
|||
|
cases patents and trademarks, take away freedoms we would otherwise
|
|||
|
have.
|
|||
|
- A free software license grants those freedoms back.
|
|||
|
- But from whom? Who is relinquishing that power?
|
|||
|
- The copyright holder. Or patent or trademark holder.
|
|||
|
- They are the ones who can otherwise tell us what we can and cannot do.
|
|||
|
- They exercise their rights /over/ us, as an instrument of power.
|
|||
|
- /That/ is what's bad. The power they have over us when we use
|
|||
|
non-free software.
|
|||
|
- Users of non-free software, we say, are /victims/, not bad people.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- But we do have to be careful with the terminology that we use.
|
|||
|
- People who don't hold our ideals as strongly as we do---or maybe some of
|
|||
|
you watching this now---won't be happy being called victims if they don't
|
|||
|
feel like they are.
|
|||
|
- Because when you call them a victim for doing something they /want/ to
|
|||
|
do, you're implying that they have poor judgement.
|
|||
|
- They may not want to be labeled victims /or/ bad people.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED Hold Ideals Strong :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:01:30
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
|
|||
|
Never Dilute Your Ideals
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullsubtext
|
|||
|
And Take Pride In Your Progress
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- There's been a theme throughout this talk.
|
|||
|
- We have these ideals, but there are a lot of challenges to meet them.
|
|||
|
- And sometimes guidance can be hard to come by, until you reach a certain
|
|||
|
point.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- This necessarily means that, unless you find yourself in a rather
|
|||
|
remarkable position, you're going to find yourself using non-free software
|
|||
|
as you try to figure out how to do without it.
|
|||
|
- Despite being ideologically opposed to it.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- And when it gets tough, it'll be tempting to justify your use of non-free
|
|||
|
software in a particular case by reframing the issue, or possibly by
|
|||
|
diluting your ideals---by saying that certain parts aren't important after
|
|||
|
all.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Never dilute your ideals. Never.
|
|||
|
- Don't make excuses when you don't meet them. Own up to it.
|
|||
|
- Otherwise, you risk becoming complacent, and then stagnet in your
|
|||
|
progress.
|
|||
|
- That's where I was at one point.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Instead, set your goals high, /knowing/ that you will fail to meet them
|
|||
|
for quite some time.
|
|||
|
- Keep those goals strong.
|
|||
|
- This is what organizations like the FSF and GNU are good for---they do
|
|||
|
not leave any question as to where those ideals stand. They are
|
|||
|
unwavering.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- And then be /proud/ of the progress you make, however much, and the
|
|||
|
freedom that you've gained.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
** REHEARSED Conclusion
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED Quell Anger :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:00:30
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
|
|||
|
Anger and Cynicism Cloud Judgement
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- I used to look at everyone embracing non-free software with anger and
|
|||
|
cynicism.
|
|||
|
- But in reality, it's just that most people don't know about these
|
|||
|
issues. Or understand why they're important to adopt them.
|
|||
|
- When you see schools embracing non-free software and services,
|
|||
|
advertisements non-free software, your friend or family member using a
|
|||
|
proprietary program, your employer embracing non-free services, and so
|
|||
|
on, rather than getting angry, take it as a call to action. Help them
|
|||
|
to understand.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
*** REHEARSED Unless :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:DURATION: 00:01:30
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEAMER: \fullslidetext
|
|||
|
Unless
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**** REHEARSED Notes :B_noteNH:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: noteNH
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Not all of us find it within ourselfs to be as free as, say, Richard. We
|
|||
|
all lead different lives. Under different circumstances. But what we
|
|||
|
should all strive to do is to help one another, in the spirit of freedom;
|
|||
|
not just for ourselves, but for /everyone/.
|
|||
|
- But why do we have trouble with our own freedoms? Because it's
|
|||
|
impractical?
|
|||
|
- Impracticality is a self-fulfilling prophecy.
|
|||
|
- Not at the level of an individual user, but as a society as a whole.
|
|||
|
- All of these issues discussed here are of humanity's own
|
|||
|
making. Non-free software isn't a law of nature. It's non-free because
|
|||
|
we allow it to be so.
|
|||
|
- It doesn't have to stay that way. I hope it doesn't.
|
|||
|
- If enough of us speak out, we can change that over time.
|
|||
|
- The smallest steps toward freedom add up. We don't all need to be
|
|||
|
purists. We just need to be /aware/, and care.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- And since my primary job now is a Dad, I couldn't help but end it with
|
|||
|
this Dr. Seuss quote from the Lorax:
|
|||
|
- "Unless someone like you cares a whole awful lot, nothing is going to
|
|||
|
get better. It's not."
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
** Questions? :B_frame:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: frame
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Some topic ideas:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Free/Libre games my children play
|
|||
|
- Ideals related to software freedom (SaaS, Privacy, Security, Human Rights)
|
|||
|
- Non-free JavaScript for online shopping, banking, etc
|
|||
|
- Employer using non-free software
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
** Thank You :B_fullframe:
|
|||
|
:PROPERTIES:
|
|||
|
:BEAMER_env: fullframe
|
|||
|
:END:
|
|||
|
#+BEGIN_COMMENT
|
|||
|
Some ideas if there are no quesitons:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- Free games for children
|
|||
|
- Ideals related to software freedom (SaaS, Privacy, Security, Huamn Rights)
|
|||
|
- Non-free JavaScript for shopping
|
|||
|
- SaaS, ephemeral software, reliance on another individual
|
|||
|
- Shopping for nouveau-compatible nVidia card
|
|||
|
- Employer using non-free software
|
|||
|
#+END_COMMENT
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#+BEGIN_CENTER
|
|||
|
Mike Gerwitz
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
[[mailto:mtg@gnu.org][=mtg@gnu.org=]]
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
=mikegerwitz@mastodon.mikegerwitz.com=
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
\bigskip
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0
|
|||
|
International License
|
|||
|
#+END_CENTER
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
* Exporting :noexport:
|
|||
|
For a non-interactive build, including all dependencies, simply run =make=.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Once all dependencies are built, you should be able to simply export this
|
|||
|
buffer as a Beamer presentation (=C-c C-e l P=) to get an updated PDF (or
|
|||
|
you can just run =make= again).
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
* Copyright and Licenses :noexport:
|
|||
|
This file Copyright (C) 2019 Mike Gerwitz.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0
|
|||
|
International License. See [[file:COPYING.CCBYSA]] for the full license text.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
* Local Variables :noexport:
|