tame/bin/tamed

#!/bin/bash
# Daemon for accepting TAME commands (compilers, linker, etc)
#
#   Copyright (C) 2018 R-T Specialty, LLC.
#
#   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
#   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
#   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
#   (at your option) any later version.
#
#   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
#   GNU General Public License for more details.
#
#   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
#   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
##

set -euo pipefail

declare -r mypath=$( dirname "$( readlink -f "$0" )" )

declare -ri EX_RUNNING=1
declare -ri EX_USAGE=64      # incorrect usage; sysexits.h
declare -ri EX_CANTCREAT=73  # cannot create file; sysexits.h

# number of seconds of output silence before runners are considered unused
# and are subject to termination (see stall-monitor)
declare -ri TAMED_STALL_SECONDS="${TAMED_STALL_SECONDS:-1}"

# id of process that indirectly spawned tamed (default $PPID)
declare -ri TAMED_SPAWNER_PID="${TAMED_SPAWNER_PID:-$PPID}"

# set by `main', global for `cleanup'
declare root=


# Create FIFOs for runner
#
# The FIFOs are intended to be attached to stderr and stdout
# of the runner and will be created relative to the given
# root path ROOT.
#
# If a FIFO cannot be created, exit with EX_CANTCREAT.
mkfifos()
{
  local -r root="${1?Missing root path}"

  mkdir -p "$root"

  # note that there's no stderr; see `add-runner'
  for n in 0 1; do
    rm -f "$root-$n"

    mkfifo -m 0600 "$root/$n" || {
      echo "fatal: failed to create FIFO at $in"
      exit $EX_CANTCREAT
    }
  done

  # keep FIFOs open so we don't get EOF from writers
  tail -f >"$root/0" &
}


# Spawn a runner
#
# A new runner is created by spawning dslc and attaching
# new FIFOs under the given id ID relative to the given
# run path ROOT.  The PID of the runner will be stored
# alongside the FIFOs in a pidfile `pid'.
spawn-runner()
{
  local -ri id="${1?Missing id}"
  local -r root="${2?Missing root run path}"

  local -r base="$root/$id"

  mkfifos "$base"

  # monitor runner usage and kill when inactive
  stall-monitor "$base" &

  # loop to restart runner in case of crash
  while true; do
    declare -i job=0
    trap 'kill -INT $job' HUP
    "$mypath/dslc" < "$base/0" &> "$base/1" & job=$!

    declare -i status=0
    wait -n 2>/dev/null || status=$?
    echo "warning: runner $id exited with code $status; restarting" >&2
  done &

  echo "$!" > "$base/pid"

  echo "runner $id ($!): $base"
}


# Kill runner at BASE when it becomes inactive for TAMED_STALL_SECONDS
# seconds
#
# This monitors the modification time on the stdout FIFO.  stdin does not
# need to be monitored since dslc immediately echoes back commands it
# receives.
#
# dslc is pretty chatty at the time of writing this, so TAMED_STALL_SECONDS
# can easily be <=30s even for large packages.  This may need to change in
# the future if it becomes too much less chatty.  Increase that environment
# variable if runners stall unexpectedly in the middle of builds.
#
# If the id of the spawning process has been provided then we will never
# consider ourselves to be stalled if that process is still running.  This
# prevents, for example, tamed from killing itself while a parent make
# process is still running.
stall-monitor()
{
  local -r base="${1?Missing base}"

  # monitor output FIFO modification time
  while true; do
    local -i since=$( date +%s )
    sleep "$TAMED_STALL_SECONDS"
    local -i last=$( stat -c%Y "$base/1" )

    # keep waiting if there has been activity since $since
    test "$last" -le "$since" || continue

    spawner-dead || continue

    # no activity; kill
    local -r pid=$( cat "$base/pid" )
    kill "$pid"
    wait "$pid" 2>/dev/null

    # this stall subprocess is no longer needed
    break
  done
}


# Check to see if the spawning process has died
#
# If no spawning process was provided, then this always returns a zero
# status.  Otherwise, it returns whether the given pid is _not_ running.
spawner-dead()
{
  test "$TAMED_SPAWNER_PID" -gt 0 || return 0

  ! ps "$TAMED_SPAWNER_PID" &>/dev/null
}


# Exit if tamed is already running at path ROOT
#
# If tamed is already running at ROOT, exit with status
# EX_RUNNING; otherwise, do nothing except output a warning
# if a stale pid file exists.
abort-if-running()
{
  local -r root="${1?Missing root rundir}"

  local -ri pid=$( cat "$root/pid" 2>/dev/null )

  test "$pid" -gt 0 || return 0

  ! ps "$pid" &>/dev/null || {
    echo "fatal: tamed is already running at $root (pid $pid)!"
    exit $EX_RUNNING
  }

  test -z "$pid" || {
    echo "warning: clearing stale tamed (pid $pid)"
  }
}


# Kill running tamed at path ROOT
#
# If no pidfile is found at ROOT, do nothing.  This sends a
# signal only to the parent tamed process, _not_ individual
# runners; the target tamed is expected to clean up itself.
# Consequently, if a tamed terminated abnormally without
# cleaning up, this will not solve that problem.
kill-running()
{
  local -r root="${1?Missing root}"

  local -r pid=$( cat "$root"/pid 2>/dev/null )

  test -n "$pid" || return 0

  echo "killing tamed at $root ($pid)..."
  kill "$pid"
}


# Clean up child processes before exit
#
# This should be called before exit (perhaps by a trap).  Kills
# the entire process group.
#
# Do not attach this to a SIGTERM trap or it will infinitely
# recurse.
cleanup()
{
  rm -rf "$root"
  kill 0
}


# Output usage information and exit
usage()
{
  cat <<EOF
Usage: $0 [--kill] [runpath]
Start tamed and runners.  Do not fork into background process.

The default value of RUNPATH is \`/run/user/$UID/tamed'.

Only one runner is currently supported.  tamed exits once all
runners have terminated.  Runners will be killed once they are
inactive for at least TAMED_STALL_SECONDS (default 1), unless
the process identified by TAMED_SPAWNER_PID is still running.
For example, a build script may wish to set TAMED_SPAWNER_PID
to the process id of make itself.  It defaults to the actual
parent process id (PPID), so tamed will not kill itself if
run manually on a shell (unless the shell exits first).

Options:
  --help   show this message
  --kill   kill a runing tamed at path RUNPATH

Environment Variables:
  TAMED_STALL_SECONDS   number of seconds of runner inactivity before
                        runner is automatically killed (default 1)
  TAMED_SPAWNER_PID     inhibit stalling while this process is running
                        (default PPID)
EOF

  exit $EX_USAGE
}


# Run tamed
main()
{
  local kill=
  case "${1:-}" in
    --kill) kill=1; shift;;
    --help) usage;;
  esac

  root="${1:-/run/user/$UID/tamed}"

  # kill if requested
  test -z "$kill" || {
    kill-running "$root"
    exit
  }

  abort-if-running "$root"

  # clean up background processes before we exit
  trap exit TERM
  trap cleanup EXIT

  # start fresh
  rm -rf "$root"; mkdir -p "$root"
  echo $$ > "$root/pid"

  # only a single runner for now
  spawn-runner 0 "$root"

  wait -n
}

main "$@"